Abstract

Aim: To determine the anticancer and antioxidant activity levels of the synthesized heterocyclic molecule named 1-benzyl-1-(2- methyl-3-oxo-3-(p-tolyl)propyl) piperidin-1-ium chloride.

Methods: The molecule 1-benzyl-1-(2-methyl-3-oxo-3-(p-tolyl) propyl)piperidin-1-ium chloride was synthesized solvent-free via microwave synthesis. Piperidine purification involved dichloromethane extraction with 2 M HCl, followed by 5% NaHCO3 and precipitation with n-hexane. Anticancer activity on A549 lung cancer cells was assessed using the MTT assay. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and CUPRAC methods at five concentrations (250-15.6 µM), with ascorbic acid as a control.

Results: The heterocyclic molecule dissolved in PBS was tested for anticancer activity on A549 cells at concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 100 µM. Cytotoxicity was highest at 66.90% for 100 µM and decreased to 5.57% at 6.25 µM, with an IC50 of 32.43 µM. In DPPH assays, the absorbance for AscA varied from 1.263±0.057 to 0.675±0.093, while the piperidine molecule ranged from 1.339±0.044 to 1.072±0.120. In CUPRAC assays, AscA absorbance was 0.227±0.052 and 1.768±0.176, and for the piperidine molecule, it was 0.132±0.042 and 0.142±0.031.

Conclusion: Piperidine is considered a saturated heterocyclic ring and possesses a wide range of biological activities. In this study, it was observed that the synthesized piperidine molecule showed limited DPPH radical scavenging activity. It also showed a high level of cytotoxic effect on A549 cancer cells and could be an important molecule for anticancer studies.

Keywords: antioxidant activity, cancer, cytotoxicity, drug synthesis

Copyright and license

Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open-access article published by Bolu İzzet Baysal Training and Research Hospital under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

How to cite

1.
Sabancılar İ, Aydemir M, Kaya S. Characteristics of the biological activities of the piperidine complex: an anticancer and antioxidant investigation. Northwestern Med J. 2025;5(2):112-21. https://doi.org/10.54307/2025.NWMJ.142

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